HomeMy WebLinkAboutBuilding Correspondence 1990-10-11
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McDonald's Corporation
McDonald's Plaza
Oak Brook, Illinois 60521
McDonald's
October 11, 1990
Direct Dial Numllm
Mr. Gerald Davis
Lane County Environmental
125 E. 8th
Eugene, OR 97401
(708)-860-6800
Ext,-228
Fax:(708)-860-1442
SUbject: McDonald's Portable Hotcake Operation at Springfield, Or,
Dear Mr. Davis,
I thank you for the opportunity to discuss the referenced situation
with you on the phone this morning. As promised, I have enclosed a
book on two of the hotcake hotplates, and a copy of the operations
procedure from our handbook for preparing and cooking the hotcakes.
In view of your request that we exhaust this operation to the outside
with a hood, I wish to appeal that such is neither necessary nor
required by any code of which I am aware, though it does require a
subjective understanding and interpretation, I am very familiar with
ICBO, BOCA, SBCCI, many other State and Municipal codes, and NFPA-96
(of which I am a member). All of these address cooking exhaust
requirements on the basis of the cooking operation producing some
level of grease, smoke, or other effluent that is "excessive",
"comparable", "appreciative", "laden", and so on. While none of
these words state a definitive quantity, i~ is clear that they all
understand that some threshold quantity of effluent must be present
from the operation in order to require a hood. It is regrettable
that a definitive threshold level has not been given as a protocol
for such is not yet available, though one is in the works.
, The reason for some threshold quantity of effluent being present to
require a hood, is that the codes are written on the basis of being
necessary to protect the public welfare, without being unduly
restrictive or arbitrary. The public welfare could be harmed in
cooking operations if the effluent from the cooking operations rose
to such a concentration in a given area that it would be hazardous
for the employees or the customers, or if grease accumulated to such
a concentration that it posed a fire hazard. Thus cooking operations
are potentially first a health hazard, and secondly a fire hazard.
Where cooking, or other heated food operations are performed, there
are many instances of low levels of effluent that clearly do not pose
a health or fire hazard, and for these a hood is not commonly
required, Such might be soup kettles, roller grills, popcorn
poppers, small baking ovens, steam tables and bun steamers, and
holding cabinets, to name a few, Similarly, there are toasters,
coffee makers, cheese melters, and waffle irons that are not
typically exhausted, but yet some of these could be set hot enough to
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Mr. Davis
McDonald's Hotplate Page 2
cook some meat product on'them and actually create an effluent
hazard. Since such misuse is not anticipated, a hood is not
required, Thus these examples serve to demonstrate that it is not
the equipment alone that determines that an exhaust hood is required,
but it is rather the total cooking operation which is a combination
of the equipment, the product, and the temperature and method of
operation that produces the effluent, and that is to be evaluated.
It is therefore also, not what might be cooked on a piece of
equipment, but what is cooked on the equipment that is to be
evaluated. It is patently clear that if equipment is misused, it is
to be judged on the basis of that misuse.
What light effluent, water vapors, and heat come off of some of these
appliances becomes part of the loading that must be considered in
designing the heating, air conditioning, and ventilation within the
kitchen area. At McDonald's, though the amount of exhausted
equipment and the size of the kitchens may vary somewhat, all of the
kitchens have a full exchange of the kitchen volume of air within
1-1/2 to 3 minutes, which is well above any ventilation requirement
for a kitchen area. Thus these lesser vapors and heat loads are
accounted for within our ventilation design.
It should be noted also that McDonald's has long had QSC&V as it's
motto, meaning Quality, Service, Cleanliness, and Value. We take
this very seriously, including the "CO for Cleanliness. It is part.
of my responsibility to be sure our stores do not become "greasy
spoons" by having operations that would permit grease vapors to enter
the kitchen space and deposit on the ceilings and walls. If this
were a possibility with the hotcake hotplate, it would have a hood.
At McDonald's, the hotcakes are normally cooked on one of the grills
under a standard exhaust hood, and this issue does not then come into
question. But when the volume and mix of breakfast product exceeds
the ability of the existing hooded equipment, then it is necessary
that ~e consider alternate methods, For this purpose we have
developed portable cooking equipment for four of the breakfast items,
namely, hotcakes, Egg McMuffins, and scrambled eggs, and biscuits.
All of these have been designed in such a way that we feel none of
them require a hood, Which piece or pieces are used at a partiCUlar
store is dependent on the product mix and space requirements,
The portable breakfast equipment is set up to operate only during the
breakfast hours, The operation for it is specified to only cook the
specific product for which it is intended. Once the breakfast periOd
is finished, the equipment is rolled out of the way, cleaned, and
stored for the next use, In most store layouts, it is mandatory that
the equipment be moved, as the space it occupied is sUbsequently
required for other support equipment that is used for the sandwich
menu for the rest of the day, To hood the breakfast equipment, would
be to void the flexibility of space usage that is required.
The hotplate used for the hotcakes is cleaned after use, and a light
film of shortening is put on it to prevent rusting, and to season it.
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Mr, Davis
McDona 1 d's Hotp 1 ate Page 3
When it is again used the next morning it is heated and wiped clean.
No shortening is applied to the surface during any of the hotcake
cooking. To do so would actually cause the hotcakes to stick to the
plate. Thus the only real effluent from the hotcake operation is
water vapor, and even that is difficult to see, What little
shortening is in the batter mostly remains in the finished product
for flavor. The enclosed operations section shows the batter
preparation and the cooking of the hotcakes,
This operational procedure is written without differentiating between
a standard grill under a hood, and the portable hotcake hotplate. In
the Note following Step 11, on Page 152, you will notice it cautions
against cooking the hotcakes and the sausage on the same part of the
grill as the hotcakes will stick, In the portable hotplate operation
this is not a concern as all the sausage is cooked on a hooded grill,
and only the hotcakes are cooked on the portable hotplate.
It should be pointed out also, that in the nine or ten years that we
have been using this portable hotplate throughout the U.S., we have
never been required to exhaust it, Nor, for that matter, have we
been required to exhaust any of these portable breakfast COOking
operations, It has come into question in some juriSdictions, but has
always been accepted without exhaust after it has been explained and
demonstrated and/or appealed.
We hope too that your office will give due consideration to the
claims in this appeal and reconsider your original request for a hood
over this operation, I look forward to hearing your response in this
matter. If you or others desire, we will be pleased to arrange a
demonstration of this operation at your convenience, We are also
willing to provide whatever additional supporting materials you may
desire for this evaluation, Please advise how we should proceed.
You may phone or FAX the lab, where I am most often located, at the
numbers at the top of this, letter. Patty Sanders, at our Portland
office, (505)-684-9334 can also supply more information. You may
write to me or Patty at one of the fOllowing addresses.
McDonald's Air Research Lab
955 N. Lively Blvd.
Wood Dale, Ill, -60191
500 S.W. Meadows Rd.
Suite 200
Lake Oswego, OR -97034
Sincerely,
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/ Joseph N. Knapp
~ Staff Director/Engineering
Encl:
CC:' Patty Sanders/Portland
Bob Desilets -110 ,
File: Appeal/Hotcake/Oregon